In 2015, the World Health Organization (WHO) reiterated its earlier recommendation that in settings where the HIV prevalence in the population tested is greater than 5%, a diagnosis of HIV-positive should be issued to individuals with 2 sequential reactive tests. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in the United States (US) updated its recommendations for HIV confirmation in 2014, such that after an initial fourth-generation HIV Ag/Ab screening test, the use of HIV western blot was replaced by a HIV-1/HIV-2 antibody differentiation assay as the supplemental test for HIV confirmation. In recent years, revised algorithms for Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) confirmatory testing have been recommended by various institutions worldwide. In that regard, of note is our observation of non-specific reactivity of lipaemic specimens to the HIV-2 gp140 band in the Geenius assay, which should prompt caution when interpreting results of such specimens. In conclusion, INNO and Geenius had comparable test performance, although the ease of use and shorter assay time for Geenius may make it the preferred choice for laboratories. Hence, further testing by a nucleic acid test or a p24 antigen test of specimens reactive on screening with a fourth generation Ag/Ab assay that are negative on confirmatory testing for HIV-specific antibody, may be useful. Nevertheless, overall poor sensitivity (25.5% - 44.7%) of these assays for the detection of early cases was observed, likely because these cases had very low or non-detectable levels of HIV antibodies. When early HIV cases were considered, INNO and Geenius were more likely to confirm an early-stage infection as positive. However, less non-specific reactivity was observed with the INNO and Geenius assays, where both of them were able to resolve MP-WB indeterminate cases. We show that all 3 assays had comparable test sensitivity in the detection of HIV-1 positive cases. Using the HIV Blot 2.2 (MP-WB), the INNO-LIA HIV I/II Score (INNO), and the Geenius HIV 1/2 Confirmatory Assay (Geenius), we tested 199 HIV-1 positive, 161 HIV negative, 65 HIV western blot indeterminate, 26 HIV seroconversion, 34 early HIV infection and 4 HIV-2 positive archived specimens. Any duplication or distribution of the information contained herein is strictly prohibited.In view of recent revised recommendations for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) confirmatory testing, the performance of 3 HIV confirmatory assays was compared.
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#Western blot assay test professional
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#Western blot assay test series
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